Means for generating and applying heat for steam-boilers, furnaces, &amp;c.



No. 833,639 PATENTED OCT. 16, 1906 A. SMALLWOOD. I MEANS FOR GENERATING- AND APPLYING HEAT FOR STEAM BOILERS,

FURNACES, 8m.

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PATENTBD OCT. 16, 1906.

A No. 833,639.

A. SMALLWOOD. MEANS FOR GENERATING AND APPLYING HEAT FOR STEAM BOILERS,

FURNACES, &0,

APPLICATION FILED 00119, 1904.

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-IV was A UNITED STATES PATENT oFrIoE.

ALFRED SMALLWOOD, OF LONDON, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR TO THE INOAN DESOENT HEAT COMPANY LIMITED, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

MEANS FOR GENERATING AND APPLYING HEAT FOR STEAM-BOILERS, FURNACES, &c.

Patented Oct. 16, 1906.

Application filed October 19, 1904. Serial No 229,201.

To all whom it may concern: I

Be it known that I, ALFRED SMALLWOOD, a British subject, and a resident of 52 Gracechureh street, in the city of London, in the county of Middlesex, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in. Means for Generating and Applying Heat for Steam-Boilers, Furnaces, and the Like; and I hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same.

I have been engaged in researches and practical and other tests and experiments with the object of obtaining practically perfeet combustion in furnace systems for all.

)UlpOS6S,' tIld find that in order to obtain the best results from furnaces for generating heat it is necessary to provide a combination of means which will cause such an accumulation, absorption, retardation, circulation, and use of the heat which has been initially generated as shall insure a suilicientl high temperature as will effect a practically complete combination of the carbon and other mate rials of combustion with oxygen for ignition and conversion into heat and at the same tion and to the accompanying drawings, in

which Figure 1 is a longitudinal section through a heat-generating furnace suitablefor heating, annealing, and like urposes. Fi .2is a vertical section throug Fi 1. on t e line 1 2. Fig. 3 is an inverted p an through Fig. 2 on the line 3 4.' Fi 4 is a longitudinal section showing the application of the invention to a Lancashire boiler. Fig. 5 is a vertical cross-section through Fig. 4 on the line 5 6. Fig. 6 is a vertical section through Fig. 4 on the line 7 8.

Like letters of reference referto like parts throughout the specification and drawings.

As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the heat-generating furnace is constructed with a firechamber A, a shallow combustion-chamber B, adjoining the fire-chamber and in the same horizontal plane therewith, but of greater capacity than the fire-chamber, and a heatchamber H, located above the combustionchamber 13 and separated from the combustion-chamber by a non-fusible partition F capable of becoming incandescent by the absorption of the calories from the gases generated in the fire-chamber A as they pass from the fire-chamberthrough the combustion and heat chambers to the outlet H. In the partition F, at the opposite end of the combustion-chamber to the fire-chamber A, is an aperture D, and in the heat-chamber H is a baflle H, so positioned therein as to leave a shallow passage for the gases between itself and the partition F, and in the baffle H is an aperture O, at the opposite end of the heat-chamber to the aperture D, to form a tortuous course for the gases from the fire-chamber A through the combustion-chamber to the heat-chamber H and outlet H. The partition F is formed with a number of nonfusible obstructions C, made of the same material as the parti tion F and capable of becoming incandescent. The obstructions C project downwardly into the combustion-cha1nber to form an accumulator, retarder, absorber, and circulator of the calories by detaining .them in the comb lstion-chamber for a suflicient time to enable them to become thoroughly ignited and mixed before they eatchamber. Owing to the incandes-' cence of the obstructions and the partition F, the unconsumed ases which pass from the combustion-chain or into the heat-chamber are ignited therein and the heat generated by the combustion of the gases in the heat,- cha nber assists in effecting and maintaining the incandescencf of the partition, being" assisted in this res ect by the location'of the baffle H containe within the heat-chamber It has been demonstrated in the field of 1 actual operation that the unconsumed gases,

by reason of their reater specific gravity resulting from their. ower temperature, are

to be found at the bottom of the combustion-' chamber, and by providing the furnace with a comparatively shallow combustion-charm her and rejecting the obstructions 0 into the chain er in the path of the gases,{so that ass from the combustion-chamber into the they will be directed to the bottom thereof, a complete or substantially complete combustion is effected. f It has also been proved in the field of actual operation that while there is no extensive difference between the principle of the construction of the furnace forming part of the present application and that of known appliances, yet the difference in detail of the construction has resulted in an actual saving by this furnace of over twenty-five per cent. of the fuel used by the other known appliances to produce the same uantity of heat as can be produced by this Iurnace.

In the application of my improvements to boilers having smoke-tubes, such as those of the Lancashire and ornish type, (shown in Figs. 4, 5, and 6,) the fire-chambers A are formed within or adjoining the front end of the tubes J and may be provided with a bridge Y, having a suitable cavity E, forming an air-inlet for the purpose hereinafter described. Beyond the bridge each tube J is divided by a horizontal partition K into two horizontal chambers, the lower one B of which.

is employed as a combustion-chamber and the upper of which is divided vertically into two heat-chambers \l N, extending lengthwise alone the tube J beyond the iirc-chambers A. The horizontal partition H is made of fire-brick, fire-clay, or other heat-retaining material and is provided with .noulusiblc obstructions C, projecting into the combus tion chamber B, the front part L of which is open to the iirechiimber to allow the to pass therein from the fire-chamber A, while the second or vertical partition P, between the heat-chambers M and N, is of similar material. The upper chamber with its subdivisions is blocked at the end it, which is immediately behind thc ire-charm her A, and on the one side the heat-chamber N is connected at the opposite end oi the tube J with the conibustion-chan'ibor B. The heat-clnunbcrs M and N have an opening 'l between them at the iirc-chiiinbcr end of the lube and the hcai-cliiiinbcr M is connected at tho back cnd with the cxtcrniil side lluc or lines in the ordinary manner, as shown by doticd arrows in l 'igi 6. The lliiiltil gases til til leaving the conibustiim' i) pass upward :it the rear of the partition K and then iviiiiii toward the iirc-clnuubcr through the heat-chamber N, and thou return to thc rczir of ihc tube il by means ofilic oi hcr liciil.-ciuiiiibcr .vl. Both the horizontal and vcriiciil pariiiions, which are inadc ol' lirc-brick, tire-clay, or other suitable malcrial, become incandcsr-r-iil throughoiii, the ll W'l bi-iiig iliiii ignition and combustion of ihc iinconsuincd gases and material as ihcy,

rzuigcn'icni may lH :ippliod to our ol' the means the air before combining with the unconsumed gases and'material is at the same time heated and moistened. The upper part of the fire-chamber may be lined with firebrick, ire-clay, or other such lining Z, while the lower part of the tube J, near' the firechambenend of the eombustion-chamber, may be lined with a similar internal lining Vi, of fire-brick, fire-clay, plumbago, or other material, the whole being arranged for the pur ose of preventing the lower temper ature o the boiler from retarding the ignition and combustion of the gases and material as they are produced in the fire-ch amber and pass into and through the combustionchamber B from the fire-chamber A. In this case the obstructions C on the lower side of the partition .K are designed and constructed, as before described, so as to increase its capacity as an accumulator and re tarder of the heat which has been generated in the combustion-chainbcr and otl'ierwise to form a means whereby practically complete combustion can be obtained.

'lhe plumbago or other casing and the aforesaid obstructions (1 are extended along the COIIil'RlSbiOIl-i'il 1,111be! B at selective places to provide a combustion-chamber of suflicient extent to ignite the unconsumed gasesand material gases and transform hem into heat.

Having now described my invention, what .i claim as new, and desire to secure by Lettcrs latcirt, is

l. The hercinbcl'orc-dcscribcd construc tion comprising a iirc-chainbcr, a shallow coinbustion-chainbcr in roar of and in the same horizontal plane as the lire-chamber and in communication therewith, a compara iivcl shallow hcai-chamber above the coinbustion-ch=nnbcr with a refractory partition botwccn ihcm capable of becoming-incan dcsconi, and refractory obstructions capable of l)i('()li\lll,,{ incandescent projecting from tho partition into tlu coinbustiiiii-chamber to retard the circulation of the gases through the combiistion-chiunbi-r and mix and ignite them while retarded thi-rcin, and means of communication between the combustion and boat chambers at tho end thereof opposite to the i'irc-chiiinbcr.

l. The hcrciiibcl'orc-dcscribcd construction comprising a fire-chamber, a combustion-chambor in communication therewith, a

heat-chamber above the combustion-chamher, a horizontal non-fusible partition capable 01 becoming incandescent between the combustion chamber and heat chamber, non-fusible obstructions capable of becoming incandescent projecting from the partition into the combustion-chamber whereby the gases are retarded, mixed and ignited in their passage from the fire-chamber through the combustion-chamber to the heat-chamher and a vertical partition within the heatchamber separating it into two longitudinal sections in communication with each other and with the combustion-chamber and gasoutlet. 2

In witness whereof I have hereunto'set my hand 1n the presence of two witnesses.

ALFRED SMALLWQOD. 

